第四十七期《BIM 手册》第二章_2.6.1节——Revit(1/2）

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2.6.1 Revit

我们从Revit Architecture 的角度来考量Revit平台。建筑设计中，Revit是BIM方面最知名的平台也是目前市场上的领头羊。它是由欧特克公司收购一家创业公司的Revit之后，于2002年引入市场的。Revit是一款有着不同的编码库和文件架构的完全独立于AutoCAD的平台。这里阐述的Revit是2011版本。Revit是一款综合产品，包括Revit Architecture、Revit Structure、以及Revit MEP。Revit能在Windows操作系统上运行，也能使用Windows BootCamp®­ 插件在Mac系统上运行。它能在32位和64位处理器以及各种版本的操作系统上运行。

作为工具：Revit提供了一个易于使用的界面，每步操作和智能光标都有拖拽提示。其操作菜单根据工作流进行了很好的组织，而且它的操作菜单能把当前系统环境中不可用的操作进行灰显。Revit的图纸生成功能非常好；它的图纸生成关联性很强，所以很容易管理图纸发布。它提供了图纸与模型之间的双向编辑功能，也支持构件（如门、门配件等）和明细表之间的双向编辑。Revit支持制作自定义参数化构件和预定义构件的自定义化。Revit用于定义构件的规则已经随着每个版本的发布进行了改良，并包含了三角函数。它可以在阵列中约束距离和角度以及构件数量。它也支持参数之间的层次关系。因此，一个构件能通过具有参数关系一组子构件进行定义。设置能约束组装构件布局和尺寸的全局参数是更加困难的。最新API的发布为外部应用程序开发提供了有力支持。

Revit有一个非常大的产品库，特别是用于规范和设计构件的Autodesk SEEK库。它为大约850家不同的企业以及13750条不同的产品线（包括超过750种灯具）承载着信息。这些产品是由各种文件类型定义的：RVA、DWG、DWF、DGN、GSM、SKP、IES以及TXT。它们在Masterformat、Uniformat以及Omniclass Table 23 (产品)格式中都是可访问的。大约有六个其它网站都有BIM产品，其中Revit对象占主导地位。

作为平台：作为BIM市场的引领者，Revit有最大的相关应用程序组。有些是通过Revit的开放API的直接链接，其它的则是通过IFC或者其它转换格式。这些分别被记为（Dir）和（IFC）。DWF是另外一个Revit接口，记为（Dwf）。

① 结构（Revit结构）：Revit 结构(Dir)、ROBOT (Dir)和RISA结构分析(IFC)、BIM ME S.A.R.L. ETABS Link、用于FEA（有限元）分析的SismiCAD、Graitec’s Advance and ARCHE、Fastrak Building Designer、StruSoft FEM-Design、SOFTEK S-Frame、STAAD- PRO via SIXchange, SOFiSTiK

② 机械（Revit机电）：Revit机电(Dir)、HydraCAD (防火喷淋)、MagiCAD (机械设计)、QuantaCAD (用于竣工机械激光扫描)、TOKMO (COBie 设施运营交接— 见第三章)

③ 能源和环境：Ecotect、EnergyPlus、IES all indirect、Green Building Studio via gbXML

④ 可视化：Mental Ray (Dir)、3D Max (Dir)、Piranasi

⑤ 设施管理：Autodesk FMDesktop® (Dwf)、Archibus   (IFC)

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2.6.1 Revit

We consider the Revit platform from the perspective of Revit Architecture. Revit is the best-known and current market leader for BIM in architectural design. It was introduced by Autodesk in 2002 after Autodesk acquired the Revit program from a startup company. Revit is a completely separate platform from AutoCAD, with a different code base and file structure. The version reviewed here is 2011. Revit is a family of integrated products that currently includes Revit Architecture, Revit Structure, and Revit MEP. It runs on Win- dows OS and on Macs, using the Windows BootCamp® plug-in. It runs on both 32- and 64-bit processors and versions of the OS.

As a tool: Revit provides an easy-to-use interface, with drag-over hints for each operation and smart cursor. Its menus are well organized according to workflow and its operator menus gray-out nonavailable actions within the current system context. Its drawing generation support is very good; its drawing production is strongly associative, so that drawing releases are easily managed. It offers bidirectional editing from drawings to and from the model, and also bidirectional editing from schedules for doors, door hardware, and the like. Revit supports the development of new custom parametric objects and customization of predefined objects. Its rule set for defining objects has improved with each release and includes trigonometric functions. It can constrain distances and angles and the number objects in an array. It also supports hierarchical relations of parameters. Thus, an object can be defined by using a group of sub-objects with parametric relations. It is more difficult to set up global parameters that can constrain assemblies of objects’ layout and sizes. The release of the current API provides good support for external application development.

Revit has a very large set of product libraries, particularly its own Autodesk SEEK library for specification and design objects. It carries information for about 850 different companies, and about 13,750 different product lines (including over 750 light fixtures). The products are defined in a mixture of file types: RVA, DWG, DWF, DGN, GSM, SKP, IES, and TXT. They are accessible from Masterformat, Uniformat, and Omniclass Table 23 (Products) for- mats. There are about a half-dozen other sites with BIM products, where Revit objects dominate.

As a platform: Revit, as the BIM market leader, has the largest set of asso- ciated applications. Some are direct links through Revit’s Open API and others are through IFC or other exchange formats. These are denoted (Dir) and (IFC), respectively. DWF is another interface for Revit, denoted (Dwf).

① Structural (with Revit Structure): Revit Structure (Dir), ROBOT (Dir), and RISA structural analyses (IFC), BIM ME S.A.R.L. ETABS Link, SismiCAD for FEA analysis, Graitec’s Advance and ARCHE, Fastrak Building Designer, StruSoft FEM-Design, SOFTEK S-Frame, STAAD-PRO via SIXchange, SOFiSTiK

② Mechanical (with Revit MEP): Revit MEP (Dir), HydraCAD (fire sprin- klers), MagiCAD (mechanical design), QuantaCAD (mechanical laser scanning for as-builts), TOKMO (COBie facility operators handover— see Chapter 3)

③ Energy and environmental: Ecotect, EnergyPlus, IES all indirect, Green Building Studio via gbXML

④ Visualization: Mental Ray (Dir), 3D Max (Dir),  Piranasi

⑤ Facility management: Autodesk FMDesktop® (Dwf), Archibus   (IFC)

——TO BE CONTINUED